My viva is in two weeks. What should I do each day?
Two weeks is enough. You already know the thesis better than anyone in the room. The work now is to re-find it quickly, rehearse saying it out loud, and walk in with your weak spots already answered.
Days 14–10: re-read and summarise
Read the thesis start to finish, once, with a pen. On a single page per chapter write: what the chapter does, its key decision, and one weakness. Keep a running list of typos and errors. This becomes your corrections list; examiners like to see that you found them first.
Days 9–6: predict the questions
Most vivas circle the same few themes: what your contribution is, in one or two sentences; why you chose this method over the obvious alternative; the limitations, and what you would do differently; how your work connects to the key names in your field; and what comes next. Write a short spoken answer to each, plus one question per chapter that you hope nobody asks. Then answer that one as well.
Days 5–3: say it out loud
Run at least one mock viva with a supervisor, a postdoc or a peer, for 60–90 minutes. Ask them to interrupt and push back. Record it if you can and listen for answers that ramble. If your format includes a presentation, as in many US defenses, rehearse it to time twice.
Days 2–1: logistics and rest
Confirm the time, the room or link, and who is examining. Pack a clean, tabbed copy of the thesis, your corrections list and water. Stop preparing the evening before; tiredness costs you more than one last re-read gains.
In the room
Pause before you answer. It is fine to say "Let me find that page" or "That is a fair limitation, and here is how I handled it." Agreeing with a fair criticism, then explaining your reasoning, reads as confidence, not weakness.
Get the free Viva Question Planner
A fill-in planner of the questions examiners ask most, with space to draft a spoken answer to each and log your weak spots. We’ll email you the download link.
Frequently asked questions
How long is a typical viva?
It varies by country and university. UK vivas often run 1.5–3 hours; US defenses usually include a 20–45 minute talk followed by questions. Check your own regulations.
Should I memorise answers?
No. Memorise the structure of each answer (claim, reason, evidence), not the wording, so you can adapt it to how the question is asked.
What if I cannot answer a question?
Say so, then reason aloud: how you would find out, or what your data does and does not show. Examiners test thinking, not recall.
The Viva & Oral Defense Workbook
You are the world expert on your thesis. The viva is where you prove it — so stop preparing by folklore, and walk in ready.
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